1. attain [ə'teɪn] 
v. 达到，获得 (类似achieve) 
attain objectives/goals /independence达到目标/获得独立

2. obtain [əb'teɪn] 
v. 获得 
to obtain knowledge 获取知识
to obtain a master's degree 获得硕士学位

3. contain [kən'teɪn] 
vt. 包含，容纳
This book contains all the information you need. 这本书包含你所需的一切资料。

4. pertain [pə'teɪn] 
vi. 关于，适合
I am interested in anything pertaining to folklore. 属于民间文学的任何东西我都感兴趣。

5. retain [rɪ'teɪn] 
vt. 保持，保留
She lost the battle to retain control of the company. 她没能保住对公司的控制权。

6. maintain [meɪn'teɪn] 
vt. 维持，维修，主张
Despite living in different countries, the two families maintain close links. 尽管生活在不同的国家，俩家人还是保持着亲密的联系

7. sustain [sə'steɪn] 
vt. 维持，支撑，供养
to sustain a family 养一家人
He seems to find it difficult to sustain relationships with women.他似乎很难维持与女性之间的关系。
sustainable development 可持续发展

8. detain [dɪ'teɪn] 
vt. 拘留，耽搁
A suspect was detained by the police for questioning. 一个嫌疑犯被警察拘留询问。

9. abstain [əb'steɪn] 
vi. 戒除，避免
abstain from smoking/voting 戒烟/放弃表决

10. entertain [entə'teɪn] 
vt. 娱乐，招待 
What could be more entertaining than watching the downfall of the high and mighty? 有什么能比看到有权有势的人倒台更让人觉得愉悦呢？