1. undermine [ʌndə'maɪn] 
vt. 破坏 ,逐渐削弱
The incompetence and arrogance of some officials have undermined public confidence in government. 有些官员的无能和傲慢损害了政府的公信力。

2. ruin ['ruːɪn] 
v.毁灭，毁坏 n. 废墟，毁坏
That guy isn’t going to ruin my life. 那个家伙不会毁了我的生活。

3. spoil [spɒɪl] 
vt. 溺爱，破坏
Grandparents are likely to spoil the kids. 爷爷奶奶们很可能溺爱孩子。

4. damage ['dæmɪdʒ] 
v. /n. 损坏，损害
Many buildings were badly damaged in the war. 许多建筑在战争中严重被毁。

5. impair [ɪm'peə] 
vt. 损害，减少
Lack of sleep impaired her ability to think clearly. 缺乏睡眠使她清晰思考的能力受损。

6. harm [hɑːm] 
vt. / n. 伤害，损害 
harmful adj .有害的
Thankfully no one was harmed in the accident. 所幸事故中没人受伤。
do more harm than good 害多利少

7. destroy [dɪ'strɒɪ] 
vt. 破坏，毁坏
In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San Francisco. 1906年的一场地震摧毁了洛杉矶的大部分地区。
destructive adj. 毁灭性的，破坏的

8. instruct [ɪn'strʌkt] 
vt. 指导，命令
The police were instructed to patrol the building and surrounding area. 警察被指示在这栋建筑及周边区域巡逻。
instruction n. 指示，说明 
instructor n. 指导员，教师
instructive adj. 有启发的，有教育意义的

9. construct [kən'strʌkt] 
vt. 建造，构造 
under construction 正在施工中