1. encourage [ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ] 
vt. 鼓励，怂恿，激励
When things aren’t going well, he encourages me, telling me not to give up. 当事情不顺利的时候，他鼓励我，告诉我不要放弃。

2. motivate ['məʊtɪveɪt] 
vt. 刺激，激励，成为…的动机
They are motivated by a need to achieve. 他们被成功的需要激励着。
motivation n. 动机，积极性 
motive n. 动机；v. 激起

3.stimulate ['stɪmjʊleɪt] 
v. 刺激，促进，激励
America's priority is rightly to stimulate its economy. 美国的首要任务自然是刺激经济。
stimulation n. 刺激，激励
stimulus n. 刺激，刺激物

4. incentive [ɪn'sentɪv] 
n. 激励，刺激，动机；adj. 激励的，刺激的
There is little or no incentive to adopt such measures. 几乎没有采取这些措施的动机/激励。

5.trigger ['trɪgə] 
v. 触发，引起，发动
to trigger a rifle 开枪
Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches. 有人发现某些特定的食物会引发他们的头痛。

6.render ['rendə] 
v. 致使，提供，提出，给予
His rudeness rendered me speechless. 他的粗鲁行径使我无语。

7. induce [ɪn'djuːs] 
vt. 导致，引起，诱使
Nothing could induce me to climb a mountain/ride a bike. 没有什么能引诱我去爬山或者骑自行车。

8. spur [spɜː] 
n. 鼓舞，刺激；v. 刺激，激励，促进
Rising consumer sales have the effect of spurring the economy to faster growth. 上升的零售量能够刺激经济更加快速地增长。

9. impetus ['ɪmpɪtəs] 
n. 动力，推动，促进，刺激
This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery. 这是促使经济复苏的主要动力.

10. arouse [ə'raʊz] 
v. 引起，唤醒
His revolutionary work in linguistics has aroused intense scholarly interest. 他在语言学方面的革命性著作引起了强烈的学术兴趣。